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A growing body of research suggests that trace elements play a crucial role in neurodevelopment. A recent study sheds light on how imbalances in zinc, selenium, and copper levels may contribute to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) through oxidative stress and inflammation.
Autism and Trace Elements: A Fresh Look at the Latest Findings
For those of us working in pediatric integrative medicine, we often focus on gut health, inflammation, and nutrient optimization when supporting children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). But sometimes, new research shifts our understanding of underlying mechanisms—like the role of trace elements in brain function.
A recent case-control study did just that. It examined serum levels of zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), and copper (Cu) in children with ASD compared to typically developing (TD) children. The findings revealed significant deficiencies and imbalances that may contribute to oxidative stress, inflammation, and impaired neurodevelopment.
What the Study Found
Researchers analyzed serum concentrations of Zn, Se, and Cu in 152 children with ASD and 152 TD children. They also assessed oxidative stress markers to explore potential mechanisms behind these imbalances. Here’s what they found:
- Zinc and Selenium Deficiency – Children with ASD had significantly lower Zn and Se levels. These trace elements are essential for brain development, antioxidant defense, and immune regulation.
- Elevated Copper Levels – Cu concentrations were higher in ASD patients, which may contribute to neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.
- Oxidative Stress Connection – Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity mediated 50.53% of the Zn-ASD association and 39.07% of the Se-ASD link, highlighting the role of oxidative stress in ASD pathology.
- A U-Shaped Correlation – Interestingly, both deficiencies and excesses of these elements were linked to ASD risk, reinforcing the need for balance rather than blind supplementation.
Why This Matters for Clinical Practice
Trace elements are often overlooked in standard ASD evaluations, yet this study suggests they may play a crucial role in neurodevelopmental health. While more research is needed, assessing and addressing potential imbalances could be an important strategy for supporting children with ASD.
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