Articles

What is glutathione? What are glutathione supplements used for?

What is Glutathione? Glutathione, often referred to as the “master antioxidant,” is a naturally occurring molecule found in the cells. Glutathione is a tripeptide, meaning it is made of three amino acids (cysteine, glutamine, and glycine). It is produced in the liver and plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health. Glutathione is involved in various biochemical processes that help protect and maintain the health of the body. Functions of Glutathione in the Body: Glutathione has several essential functions within the body. One of its primary roles is to act as a potent antioxidant. It neutralizes harmful free radicals and protects cells from oxidative stress, which can lead to various health issues, including chronic diseases.1 Additionally, glutathione plays a vital role in the detoxification process, aiding

Erika Krumbeck, ND, FABNP January 2, 2025

Petasites (Butterbur) in Pediatric Migraine Management

Migraines in pediatric populations present a significant challenge, both for families and healthcare providers. As the search for effective, safe, and well-tolerated preventive treatments continues, Petasites hybridus—commonly known as butterbur—has emerged as a compelling option. In this article, I’ll dive into the clinical application of butterbur for pediatric migraine management, exploring its traditional uses, phytochemistry, safety profile, clinical evidence, and considerations for integrative pediatric practice. Traditional Uses of Butterbur in Medicine The Petasites genus, part of the Asteraceae family, is a perennial plant known for its thick, creeping underground rhizomes and large, distinctive leaves. In the first century AD, the Greek physician Dioscorides described butterbur as “a shoot, taller than a cubit and thick as a thumb, bearing large, hat-shaped leaves, as if they were mushrooms,

Andy Turner, ND September 9, 2024

Safety and use of L-Theanine in Children

What is L-theanine? Theanine, an amino acid primarily found in tea leaves, particularly Camellia sinensis, and some mushrooms, has garnered considerable attention in recent years for its potential health benefits. Structurally similar to glutamate, a neurotransmitter involved in brain function, theanine is known for its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and exert various neurophysiological effects. It is believed to promote relaxation without causing drowsiness, which has led to its widespread use as a supplement aimed at reducing stress and anxiety. Research suggests that theanine increases the production of alpha waves in the brain, associated with a state of relaxed alertness, and may enhance cognitive function and attention, particularly when combined with caffeine. L-theanine is the proper name and tells us that it isn’t attached

Erika Krumbeck, ND, FABNP September 1, 2024

The evidence for fish oil supplementation for children with asthma

Fish oil, rich in omega-3 fatty acids like EPA and DHA, is gaining recognition for its potential to help manage asthma, especially in children. These healthy fats, found primarily in fish and seafood, have impressive anti-inflammatory properties, making them an excellent option for asthma treatment. When considering fish oil for children, it’s essential to understand the different types of omega-3 fatty acids: alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). ALA is found in plant oils like flaxseed, soybean, and canola, while EPA and DHA are mainly found in fish and seafood. Since the body can only convert a small amount of ALA into EPA and DHA, obtaining these fatty acids directly from dietary sources or supplements is necessary. Omega-3s are vital for

Andy Turner, ND August 20, 2024

Valerian for Children: An Effective and Safe Alternative for ADHD and Sleep Disturbances?

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) has a long history of use in traditional medicine for a variety of conditions, notably its application as a sleep aid and treatment for anxiety. Today, its application has expanded to include attention deficit and hyperactivity syndromes, helping to calm and focus the mind.1 Despite its historical and contemporary uses in adult populations, research on valerian’s efficacy and safety in pediatric medicine is limited. Consider the case of a 7-year-old boy named Alex,* who has been experiencing significant hyperactivity, restlessness, and difficulty concentrating in school. His symptoms have led to frequent disruptions in the classroom and challenges in completing homework, causing concern for his parents and teachers. Additionally, Alex’s restlessness makes it hard for him to fall asleep at bedtime, resulting in inadequate

Andy Turner, ND July 20, 2024

What form of magnesium is best for kids?

Why is magnesium so important for children? Magnesium is an important mineral that serves as a cofactor for more than 300 enzymatic reactions in the body.1 Magnesium contributes to hundreds of ATP-requiring processes involved in metabolism, energy production, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycolysis. Magnesium is required to break down carbs and fat to turn them into energy. It’s required for protein synthesis, cell replication, DNA and RNA synthesis. Magnesium facilitates neural impulses that control muscle contraction and normal heart rhythms.2 It plays a role in blood glucose control, blood pressure regulation, and is a critical component of bones and teeth.1 Most magnesium is found in bone, muscle, and inside cells, making it difficult to assess its status.1 Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for Magnesium: The RDA for newborns until 12 months

Erika Krumbeck, ND, FABNP June 1, 2024

Is stinging nettle safe for children? What is it used for?

Urtica dioica, commonly referred to as stinging nettle, boasts a rich history of culinary, medicinal, clothing and ceremonial practices. Belonging to the Urticacea family, it is a perennial herbaceous plant native to Europe and Asia, now found in temperate regions worldwide and considered a weed in intensive agriculture due to its rapid growth and colonization.1 The plant can grow to heights of 2 meters and is covered with microscopically hooked hair-like protrusions that cause the stinging sensation it is named for. This skin-irritating effect is triggered by the release of biochemical substances like histamine and acetylcholine from its needle-like protrusions.2 The sting of the nettle is neutralized when the plants are dried. The Latin-derived genus name Urtica is believed to originate from uro and urere, meaning “to burn” and “to sting,” respectively.

Andy Turner, ND April 15, 2024

Clinical evidence for the use of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) in children

The Timeless Appeal of Chamomile Chamomile, scientifically known as Matricaria chamomilla, is a widely used herb in traditional medicines around the world. Ancient Egyptian, Greek and Roman medical texts describe using chamomile as a calming tea infusion and for treating dry, weatherworn skin.1 Chinese medical traditions first detailed chamomiles’ (known as “Bamu Nai”) attributes during the 10th century in Uyghur medicine.2 Similarly, the Unani medicine system, prevalent in the Indian subcontinent, boasts a centuries-old association with chamomiles’ therapeutic potential.3 For thousands of years, chamomile served as a symbol bridging the spiritual with the wonder of medicine. Egyptians and Saxons regarded chamomile as sacred and in Slovakia it was customary for individuals to bow when encountering chamomile plants, a sign of deep respect.4 Native Americans incorporated chamomile into their practices employing

Andy Turner, ND April 2, 2024

Safety and the use of Verbascum thapsus (Mullein) for common children’s conditions

Mullein is a wonderful, abundant herb used for a number of children’s conditions. In this article we will explore the clinical research, safety and efficacy of Mullein (Verbascum thapsus) for use in children. Introduction Mullein, scientifically known as Verbascum thapsus, is a versatile flowering plant belonging to the Scrophulariaceae family, widely recognized for its medicinal properties across various cultures throughout history. Native to Europe, Asia and North Africa, mullein has also naturalized in other regions, including North America, where it thrives in diverse habitats such as meadows, roadsides, and wastelands. From ancient civilizations to contemporary herbal medicine, mullein has been revered for its diverse pharmacological properties ranging from its soothing effects on respiratory ailments to its potential as an anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial agent. As scientific

Andy Turner, ND March 2, 2024